Celiac disease is a digestive problem that is triggered by a reaction to gluten. This causes damage to the intestines. This makes it hard for a person with the disease to get nutrients from foods.

The Digestive Tract Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.

The small intestine is a long tube that links the stomach with colon. Its role is to absorb nutrients from food as it passes through. This is done through tiny, finger-like bulges called villi that line the inside of it.

This disease happens because of a problem with the immune system. An abnormal response causes the villi to shorten and flatten when a person with celiac disease eats gluten. This blocks the small intestine from absorbing nutrients, vitamins, and minerals from foods.

It is not known why this happens. There is a gene that is common in people who have the disease. The gene runs in families, but not everyone who has the gene will have problems. The only way to treat the disease is not to eat foods that have gluten.

Not treating the disease can lead to:

• Malnutrition
• Delayed growth and development
• Anemia
• Weakened bones
• Skin rashes
• Depression
• Problems of the liver, pancreas, or gallbladder
• Problems of the nervous system, such as seizures
• Problems during pregnancy, such as miscarriage, premature birth, and low birthweight

• What are the risk factors for celiac disease?
• What are the symptoms of celiac disease?
• How is celiac disease diagnosed?
• What are the treatments for celiac disease ?
• Are there screening tests for celiac disease?
• How can I reduce my risk of celiac disease?
• What questions should I ask my doctor?
• Where can I get more information about celiac disease?