Definition

The endometrium is the inside lining of the uterus. Postpartum endometritis is an infection of the endometrium after childbirth.

Female Reproductive Organs Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.

Causes

Postpartum endometritis is caused by bacteria. The bacteria may be present in the mother before childbirth or enter the body during childbirth.

Risk Factors

Things that may increase the risk of postpartum endometritis include:

• Cesarean section delivery
• Postpartum hemorrhage
• Prolonged labor
• Prolonged ruptured membranes
• Devices inserted into uterus before, during, or after birth
• Newborn stool in amniotic fluid (meconium)
• Pieces of the placenta remain in the mother after birth
• Placenta was removed by hand
• Bacterial infection of the membranes and amniotic fluid—chorioamnionitis
• Presence of a specific bacteria in the vagina
• Lack of proper prenatal care

Symptoms

Symptoms may include:

• Fever and chills
• General discomfort
• Belly pain and tenderness
• Foul smelling and/or bloody vaginal discharge
• Pain when passing urine

Diagnosis

The doctor will ask about symptoms and past health. A physical exam will be done. The diagnosis is often based on symptoms and recent childbirth. Tests to look for the specific bacteria may include:

• Urine tests and cultures
• Blood tests

Treatment

Postpartum endometritis is treated with antibiotics. The antibiotics are usually given by IV.

Prevention

Not all infections can be prevented. Proper prenatal care may to decrease the chance of some infections. Antibiotics may be given before a cesarean section to reduce risk.