Definition

Chorioamnionitis is an infection in the membranes and amniotic fluid that surrounds and protects the fetus.

Delivery will need to be done right away to protect the mother and baby from harm.

An Infection in the Uterus Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.

Causes

The infection is caused by bacteria. It can be passed to the baby.

Risk Factors

This problem is more common in young mothers. The risk is also higher in those who:

• Have labor start before the baby is due
• Have their water break before the baby is due—preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM)
• Have many vaginal exams after their water breaks
• Have a long labor
• Are pregnant with their first child
• Had prior infections, such as group B streptococcus (GBS) or bacterial vaginosis (BV)

Symptoms

Some people may not have problems. Those who do may have:

• A high fever
• A belly that is tender to the touch
• Odor and discharge from the vagina

Diagnosis

The infection may be diagnosed based on the symptoms.

Testing may not be done when the infection is found during labor. However, the diagnosis may be confirmed with:

• Blood tests
• Amniocentesis—amniotic fluid samples
• Biopsy—tissue samples from around the baby

Treatment

The baby will need to be delivered right away. A cesarean section may be needed if:

• Vaginal delivery would take too long
• Symptoms worsen
• The baby may be harmed

IV antibiotics are given to fight the infection. A baby with the infection will also need them.

Prevention

The doctor will avoid vaginal exams during later stages of pregnancy or after a person's water breaks. Some people may be given antibiotics.