Typhoid Fever(Enteric Fever; Paratyphoid Fever)
by
Michelle Badash, MS DefinitionTyphoid and paratyphoid fevers are infections from bacteria. CausesCertain bacteria cause the infection. You get it through contact with fluids from the body of a person who is sick. Some people don’t get sick. They can still pass it to others. The bacteria also pass to you when you use food or drinks tainted with sewage.
Risk FactorsTyphoid is common in places with poor sanitation. The risk of getting sick is highest in parts of India, Africa, and Asia. Risk is also higher if you have:
SymptomsSymptoms range from mild to severe. Mild:
Severe:
DiagnosisThe doctor will ask about your symptoms. You will be asked about your health and travel history. A physical exam may point to typhoid. If needed, you may also have:
TreatmentCare will start right away, even if your test results aren’t ready. Antibiotics treat the infection. You may also need:
PreventionWhen you travel to places where typhoid is common:
RESOURCES:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention https://www.cdc.gov World Health Organization http://www.who.int CANADIAN RESOURCES:Public Health Agency of Canada https://www.canada.ca Travel and Tourism—Government of Canada https://travel.gc.ca References:Bhan MK, Bahl R, Bhatnagar S.
Typhoid and paratyphoid fever.
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Enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever). EBSCO DynaMed Plus website. Available at:
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. Available at:
https://www.cdc.gov/typhoid-fever/index.html. Updated July 18, 2016. Accessed May 24, 2018. Typhoid fever. Merck Manual Professional Version website. Available at: https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/gram-negative-bacilli/typhoid-fever. Updated April 2018. Accessed May 24, 2018. Typhoid VIS.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. Available at:
https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statements/typhoid.html. Updated June 18, 2013. Accessed May 24, 2018. Last reviewed May 2018 by David L. Horn, MD, FACP Last Updated: 5/24/2018 |
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