Definition

Delirium tremens (DTs) is a severe problem with how the brain works.

Adult Brain The sudden withdrawal or decrease of alcohol can cause severe disturbances in the brain. Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.

Causes

People who drink large amounts of alcohol get DTs when they stop drinking. This can also happen when the intake is suddenly lowered.

Risk Factors

Things that may raise the risk of this problem are:

• Drinking heavily or having a past problem with alcohol use disorder (AUD)
• Prior DTs or other withdrawal problems
• Having other health problems

Symptoms

Symptoms start within 3 to 7 days once drinking stops or the amount is lowered. Problems may be:

• Tremors of the hands, head, or body
• Agitation
• Sweating
• Fast heartbeat
• Fever
• Nausea or vomiting
• Sleeping problems
• Seeing or hearing things that are not there

Diagnosis

You will be asked about your symptoms and health history. You will also be asked about your alcohol use. A physical exam will be done. This may be enough to make the diagnosis.

Other tests that may be done are:

• Blood tests
• EEG —to test brain activity
• MRI scan —to check a head injury or if you had seizures
• Lumbar puncture —to check the fluid that protects the brain and spinal cord

Treatment

DTs can be deadly. The goal of treatment is to:

• Ease symptoms
• Avoid health problems from DTs
• Get treated for AUD

Treatment depends on how severe symptoms are. It may start in 12 to 24 hours, but it can take up to 7 days. Choices are:

Prevention

The risk of this problem can be lowered by drinking alcohol in moderation.