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Contusion

Authors:
  • Amy Scholten, MPH
Publication Type:

Condition

Contusion

(Bruise)

Definition

A contusion is when blood vessels are damaged or broken after an injury. Blood and fluid then leak from the injured blood vessels into the tissue. This results in a discolored, purplish area in the skin. It takes two to three weeks to go away. A contusion is also called a bruise.

Contusion of Skin.

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Causes

Contusions are usually caused by bumps to the skin. This may happen from falling, bumping into something, or being hit or kicked.

Risk Factors

Almost everyone gets contusions. Those with a higher risk are:

  • Kids and teens
  • People who play contact sports
  • People with blood-clotting problems
  • People who are taking blood thinners, such as aspirin

Symptoms

Contusions may cause:

  • Skin discoloration—usually blue and/or purple, fading to yellow
  • Pain
  • Swelling

Diagnosis

Contusions are diagnosed by physical exam of the skin.

Treatment

The goal is to reduce swelling and pain by:

  • Putting ice or a cold pack on the injured area
  • Raising the injured area above the level of the heart
  • Taking pain medicine, as advised by the doctor

Prevention

Using proper safety equipment can help prevent contusions.

RESOURCES:

CANADIAN RESOURCES:

CANADIAN RESOURCES:

References

  • Anticoagulation overview. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at: https://www.dynamed.com/drug-review/anticoagulation-overview.
  • Bruises. Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital website. Available at: http://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=bruises-90-P02795.
  • Neutze, D. and Roque, J. Clinical evaluation of bleeding and bruising in primary care. American Family Physician, 2016; 93 (4): 279-286.

Contributors

  • Mary-Beth Seymour, RN
Last Updated:
2023-08-01

(C) Copyright 2023 EBSCO Information Services

This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.