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Blisters

Authors:
  • Amy Scholten, MPH
Publication Type:

Condition

Blisters

Definition

A blister is a fluid-filled bump on the skin.

Blisters.

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Causes

Blisters have many causes, such as:

  • Friction or constant pressure
  • Second-degree burns
  • Infections
  • Skin irritation from:
  • Certain cancers
  • Blistering diseases—such as epidermolysis bullosa, porphyria, or pemphigus
  • Autoimmune disorders

Risk Factors

Things that may increase the risk of blisters are:

  • Wearing shoes tht do not fit well
  • Repetitive work with hand tools
  • Getting a sunburn or frostbite
  • Severe skin swelling, especially of the legs

Symptoms

Symptoms of a blister are:

  • A fluid-filled bump on the skin, which is often round
  • Fluid that is usually clear, but may be bloody, cloudy, or contain pus

Diagnosis

The doctor will ask about symptoms and past health. A physical exam will be done. Blisters may be diagnosed on appearance.

Treatment

A blister will often heal without treatment. Sometimes the underlying cause needs to be treated.

Treatment options are:

  • Washing the area
  • Applying over-the-counter medicine—to ease itching and discomfort
  • Applying antibiotic ointment—to prevent or treat an infection
  • Bandaging the area—to protect it

Prevention

To lower the risk of a blister:

  • Wear shoes that fit properly. Always wear socks with your shoes.
  • Use gloves or protective padding when working with tools.
  • Wear a hat, protective clothing, and sunscreen when out in the sun.
  • Avoid skin contact with irritating chemicals or plants
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References

  • Abiad M, Kurban M, Abbas O. Recurrent blisters with pain following thermal burn injury to left leg and foot. Int J Dermatol. 2019;58(12):1377-1378.
  • Blistering skin conditions. DermNet New Zealand website. Available at: https://www.dermnetnz.org/topics/blistering-skin-conditions.
  • Blisters. Better Health Channel website. Available at: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/blisters.
  • Blisters—causes. NHS Choices website. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/blisters.
  • Blisters, calluses, and corns. Kids Health—Nemours Foundation website. Available at: http://kidshealth.org/en/kids/blisters.html.
  • Major burns. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at: https://www.dynamed.com/condition/major-burns.

Contributors

  • April Scott, NP
Last Updated:
2023-06-01

(C) Copyright 2023 EBSCO Information Services

This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.