Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Placement

Definition

A ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement is surgery to insert a plastic tube to drain excess fluid from the brain and into the belly where it can be absorbed.

Reasons for Procedure

The shunt is placed to treat hydrocephalus. This is a buildup of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in spaces in the brain called ventricles. Too much of this fluid puts pressure on the brain.

The Brain.

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Possible Complications

Problems are rare, but all procedures have some risk. The doctor will go over some problems that could happen, such as:

• Excess bleeding
• Problems from anesthesia, such as wheezing or sore throat
• Infection
• Blood clots
• Blockage of the shunt
• Damage to brain tissue
• The need for more surgery

Things that may raise the risk of problems are:

• Smoking
• Drinking alcohol
• Chronic diseases, such as diabetes or obesity

What to Expect

Problems to Look Out For

Call the doctor if you are not getting better or you have:

• Signs of infection, such as fever or chills
• Redness, swelling, a lot of bleeding, or discharge from an incision
• Pain that you cannot control with medicine
• Nausea and vomiting
• Lightheadedness and fainting
• A valve that is blocked
• Severe headache or changes in vision
• Problems speaking
• Confusion or memory loss

If you think you have an emergency, call for medical help right away.